List of Asian countries and their capitals | fun facts about Asia

Asia is the largest continent in the world. It covers roughly 30% of Earth’s total land area and over 8.7% of Earth’s total surface area. The following is the list of all the Asian countries and their capitals. Let’s read.

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List of Asian countries and their capitals in alphabetical order

(The list also includes transcontinental countries)

(Please note that the definition of continental boundaries may differ from source to source.)

	Country	Capital
1	Afghanistan	Kabul
2	Armenia	Yerevan
3	Azerbaijan	Baku
4	Bahrain	Manama
5	Bangladesh	Dhaka
6	Bhutan	Thimphu
7	Brunei	Bandar Seri Begawan
8	Cambodia	Phnom Penh
9	China	Beijing
10	Cyprus	Nicosia
11	Egypt	Cairo
12	Georgia	Tbilisi
13	India	New Delhi
14	Indonesia	Jakarta
15	Iran	Tehran
16	Iraq	Baghdad
17	Israel	Jerusalem (limited recognition)
18	Japan	Tokyo
19	Jordon	Amman
20	Kazakhstan	Astana
21	Kuwait	Kuwait City
22	Kyrgyzstan	Bishkek
23	Laos	Vientiane
24	Lebanon	Beirut
25	Malaysia	Kuala Lumpur
26	Maldives	Male
27	Mongolia	Ulaanbaatar
28	Myanmar (Burma)	Naypyidaw
29	Nepal	Kathmandu
30	North Korea	Pyongyang
31	Oman	Muscat
32	Pakistan	Islamabad
33	Palestine	Jerusalem (limited recognition)
34	Philippines	Manila
35	Qatar	Doha
36	Russia	Moscow
37	Saudi Arabia	Riyadh
38	Singapore	Singapore
39	South Korea	Seoul
40	Sri Lanka	Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte (legislative); Colombo (executive and judicial)
41	Syria	Damascus
42	Tajikistan	Dushanbe
43	Thailand	Bangkok
44	East Timor (Timor-Leste)	Dili
45	Turkey (Türkiye)	Ankara
46	Turkmenistan	Ashgabat
47	United Arab Emirates	Abu Dhabi
48	Uzbekistan	Tashkent
49	Vietnam	Hanoi
50	Yemen	Sana’a

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Top 10 largest Asian countries (overall area)

1. Russia (~17.1 million sq km)
2. China (~10 million sq km)
3. India (~3.3 million sq km)
4. Kazakhstan (2.73 million sq km)
5. Saudi Arabia (2.15 million sq km)
6. Indonesia (1.9 million sq km)
7. Iran (1.65 million sq km)
8. Mongolia (1.56 million sq km)
9. Pakistan (796,095 sq km)
10. Turkey (Türkiye) (783,562 sq km)

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Fun facts about Asia

• Asia is not just the largest continent by area, it is also the most populated continent on Earth by far.

• The highest mountain peak in the world, the mighty Mount Everest is in Nepal, a South Asian country. Moreover, all the over-7,000 m high mountains are in Asia.

• The highest mountain outside Asia is Aconcagua, located in Argentina. It has an elevation of 6,961 meters (22,838 ft) above sea level.

• Yangtze River, the third-longest river in the world is in Asia. The river flows in China and has a length of 6,300 km (3,915 miles).

• The world’s most populated country, India, and the world’s second-most populated country, China, are in Asia.

• Jakarta, Indonesia, is the world’s most populous urban area, with an estimated population of approximately 42 million (2025).

• The largest Island in Asia is Borneo. Borneo has an area of 748,200 sq km and it is also the world’s third-largest island.

• The world least densely populated country is in Asia. Mongolia with a population density of only 3 people per sq km is the world’s least densely populated country.

• The world’s coldest capital city is the capital of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar. The temperatures in Ulaanbaatar can drop below −40 °C/−40.0 °F. Astana, the capital of Kazakhstan also ranks among the coldest capital cities in the world.

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Some major mountain ranges in Asia

• The Himalayas
• The Pamir Mountains
• The Altai Mountains
• The Western Ghats
• The Karakoram range
• The Zagros Mountains
• Tian Shan
• Kunlun Mountains
• The Urals
• The Japanese Alps
• The Sudirman Range

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Some major rivers in Asia

• Yangtze River
• Brahmaputra River
• Ganga River
• Indus River
• Godavari River
• Mekong River
• Yellow River
• Lena River
• Ob River

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Some major deserts in Asia

• The Gobi Desert
• The Thar desert
• The Arabian Desert
• Taklamakan Desert
• Dasht-E Kavir
• The Cholistan Desert
• The Karakum Desert

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Famous wildlife in Asia

• Bengal tiger
• Asian elephant
• Red panda
• Asiatic lion
• Saltwater crocodile
• Mugger crocodile
• Gharial
• Orangutan
• Giant panda
• Komodo dragon
• King cobra
• Polar bear
• Brown bear